Researchers at Chiba University have introduced a lightweight peer-selection algorithm designed to significantly reduce data propagation delays in internet of things networks without increasing resource consumption on connected devices. The development was presented as an important step toward supporting the growing vision of a fully interconnected world, where IoT systems range from simple environmental sensors to autonomous vehicles and large-scale industrial machinery.
As IoT deployments continue to expand in scale and complexity, engineers have increasingly explored blockchain technology as a reliable method for securing data exchange. Blockchain is widely regarded as a decentralized and tamper-resistant communication framework, making it suitable for protecting data integrity across distributed IoT environments. However, researchers have observed that many existing blockchain systems struggle with high latency, which restricts their usefulness in applications requiring real-time or near-instant decision-making.
Identifying the True Source of Network Delays
The Chiba University team determined that the primary cause of latency in IoT-blockchain systems was not inherent to blockchain protocols themselves. Instead, delays were attributed to inefficient communication patterns among nodes within peer-to-peer networks. The researchers also noted that prior studies had largely overlooked the influence of network topology, or the overall structure of node connections, on system performance.
To address this gap, a research group led by Associate Professor Kien Nguyen from the Institute for Advanced Academic Research and the Graduate School of Informatics conducted an in-depth investigation into how different peer-to-peer configurations affect IoT-blockchain efficiency. Their findings were published in the IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management. The study examined multiple network structures and evaluated how data moved across these topologies under various conditions.
The researchers explained that decentralized IoT environments often suffer from redundant data transmissions. Through simulations, they demonstrated that common methods for distributing transactions and blocks can lead to an exponential increase in duplicated data. This redundancy was found to create congestion and queuing delays, particularly in networks with excessive overlapping communication paths.
Dual Perigee Introduces Smarter Peer Selection
In response to these challenges, the team developed an algorithm known as Dual Perigee. The solution was described as lightweight and fully decentralized, allowing individual nodes to make intelligent decisions about which peers to connect with. Rather than relying on random or static connections, each node evaluates its neighbors based on how efficiently they deliver transactions and validated blocks.
Nodes using Dual Perigee continuously assign performance scores to their peers. When a connection repeatedly results in slow data delivery, the node automatically disconnects and seeks alternative peers with better performance. This adaptive process enables the network to reorganize itself dynamically, optimizing data flow without centralized oversight.
Performance Gains Without Extra Resource Use
Testing was conducted in a simulated IoT environment consisting of 50 nodes. Results showed that the Dual Perigee algorithm reduced block propagation delays by more than 48% compared to the standard peer-selection approach used in the Ethereum blockchain. The algorithm also outperformed advanced alternatives, including the original Perigee method, by over 23%.
Importantly, these improvements were achieved without placing additional computational demands on IoT devices. The algorithm relies on passive measurements of data that devices already receive as part of normal operations and requires only minimal calculations. This design makes it suitable for resource-constrained IoT hardware, where processing power and energy efficiency are critical concerns.
Implications for Real-Time IoT Applications
The intended outcome of the research is a self-organizing network that naturally evolves into a high-speed configuration without requiring centralized coordination. By minimizing the time needed for blockchain systems to confirm and distribute data, the approach enables responsiveness suitable for time-sensitive tasks.
The researchers emphasized that the work has broad implications across multiple technology sectors. Faster and more reliable blockchain-enabled IoT networks could support mission-critical services, including smart city infrastructure, industrial monitoring, healthcare systems, smart homes, and supply-chain tracking. By improving latency while maintaining security and decentralization, the proposed algorithm offers a foundation for future blockchain platforms tailored to real-world IoT demands.
Overall, the study highlighted how targeted improvements in network topology and peer selection can unlock significant performance gains, bringing blockchain-based IoT systems closer to practical, large-scale deployment.